8/7/2023 0 Comments Word processing logo![]() ![]() Google Docs can open files from your computer and your Google Drive account, such as Microsoft Word's DOC, DOCX, DOCM, and DOTM files, as well as the popular HTML, RTF, and TXT formats.Documents in Google Docs can be started from scratch or from public templates. ![]() It has versions for almost every platform (even before Microsoft Windows). Of course, Microsoft Word has been around since the early 1980s. Microsoft Word 365 is available and updated regularly in Microsoft 365.Here are the recent Microsoft Office Suites that include Word: These suite editions include “Office Home and Student,” “Microsoft 365 Family & Personal,” or “Office Professional.” There are far too many combinations to list here, but it’s worth noting that Word comes standard with any suite you purchase. Most of these versions ranged from low-cost suites that only included the essential apps (Word, PowerPoint, and Excel) to higher-priced suites with some or all of them (Word, PowerPoint, Excel, Outlook, OneNote, SharePoint, Exchange, Skype, and more). There have been numerous versions of the Microsoft Office suite over the years. If any of these sounds like things you’d like to do with your next writing project, you’ll need Microsoft Word. You can also include footnotes, headers, and footers. Add bibliographies, captions, a table of figures, and even cross-references. Some features allow you to create a table of contents quickly. In that case, you can use Microsoft Word’s features to set margins and tabs, insert page breaks, create columns, and even configure the spacing between lines, which you can’t do effectively (or at all) in WordPad or an application like Abiword. Suppose you’re writing a book or creating a brochure. You can also import images and videos from your computer and the internet, draw shapes, and create and insert multiple charts. With Microsoft Word, you can format long documents with a single click by selecting from various preconfigured styles and designs. You can use the WordPad application with Windows 7, Windows 8.1, and Windows 10. However, if you need to do more, you’ll need a more powerful word-processing program. You don’t need to buy Microsoft Word if you only want to create simple documents with paragraphs, bulleted and numbered lists, and minimal formatting. RELATED: How to Download and use Microsoft Word for Free Although it works best on desktops and iPads, its mobile apps help make last-minute changes to documents or jot down ideas while on the go. It can also run on the Linux operating system with the help of WINE. Microsoft Word is available for Windows, Android, macOS, iOS, and iPad. Other Office programs, such as Microsoft Outlook and Skype for Business, are available in additional suites. In short, if you need to create or edit a text-based document, there isn’t much you can’t do with Microsoft Word.Īll Microsoft Office application suites, including Microsoft Word, Microsoft PowerPoint, and Microsoft Excel, are also included in the most basic (and least expensive) suites. It includes an extensive (and at times befuddling) set of features, a plethora of templates, and the performance and dependability that one would expect from a Microsoft product. Word is still one of the best apps for writing in 2022, regardless of genre. Microsoft 365 is the most recent web-based version of Microsoft Word, but Microsoft Office 2019 includes Word 2019. Since then, Microsoft has released a slew of updated versions, each with more features and better technology than the last. Sometimes called MS Word, Winword, or Word, Microsoft Word is a word processing program created by Microsoft in 1983.
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8/7/2023 0 Comments Supreme commander fanfictionWarmth blossoms in my chest, igniting it as Alpha Nolan leans in close, with his lips brushing tentatively. I can taste our shared breath and feel the taste of our combined heartbeat. Our bodies are pressed together heatedly as I our lips joined with each other's. They are partly sighted, allowing my tongue to slip inside. Without breaking the kiss, he gently pulls me into his big muscular arms and further intensifies the kiss. I return the kiss with all my might as I decide to forget everything that is going on and enjoy the moment. A thunder of emotions strike within me as he kisses me passionately, like he owns me, loves me. "Because… because you don't want to accept the…" my sentence is caught off by the feel of his lips colliding with mine. "Catania, why is your pheromone doing this to me?" He asks calmly and this time around, I open my eyes. …He caresses my check and I close my eyes and lean close so as to get more of his touch. But in end who should he trust and more important who should he love? The people he loved and put his trust in may not be who they say. His destiny being intwined with the Supreme Alpha unfolds into an unhealthy and twisted relationship which is about to get even worse when he learns the truth about his beloved Supreme. But little does he know that this decision will not only alter his destiny but also uncover the tragic secretes of his past and about his parents. They are clearly drawn to one another by an invisible and undescribable bond and as Luke hears the call of his wolf he decides to leave everything he knows and love behind to pledge himself to the Supreme Alpha who promises him the world. He is raised by his aunt with the help of the packs Beta and his daughter Kate but growing up in a wolfpack without a wolf and no parents has made Luke a natural target of cruel and violent bullying at the hand of the packs Alpha.īut at the arrival of the beautiful and enchanting Supreme Alpha everything changes. Traumatised by the tragic loss of them Luke has no wolf. Luke lost his parents when he was just a baby and have no memory of them. But what happens when he finds out Isabella's true identity and her real intention for appearing at his pack? Betrayal was punishable by death, so what does fate hold for Isabella? He doesn't want her and he won't accept her yet, he can't let her go. However, when he rescued Isabella from one of his ditches, things were bound to change when he realized that she was his mate. Supreme Alpha Jade of the Moon Star Pack remained unmated at twenty-eight because of an untold legend. Not having any mage powers, she was tasked to prove herself worthy of her crown, by seducing the Supreme Alpha to avenge her late father. On the death of the Mage King, he betrothed Isabella to Prince Marcus on her 18th Birthday. Not caring about the consequences, I pressed my lips on his. ![]() His wounds were healing fast and I couldn't control my urge. His voice sounded deep and breathy, "Pain. He cupped my face in his big hands, his glowing red gaze, boring down my bright blue ones. ![]() Do you want to know?" I nodded my head, my mind wild with expectation. "Does it hurt?" I asked, staring into his dark gaze. He was stunned when I caressed his wounds with my mouth. ![]() Truth or Dare is a classic party game that can be played at any age. It is possible this book inspired MTV’s use of “Truth or Dare” How to play truth or dare game? “Truth or Dare” is also a game that appears in the book Go Ask Alice, which chronicles the diary entries of an anonymous teenage girl from the late 1960s through early 1970s. The same thing happened when they asked viewers at home to call in with truth or dare questions of their own. So when the show’s hosts Jenny McCarthy and Chris Hardwick asked guests on their show truth or dare questions, it became part of popular culture. Singled Out was one of the first game shows on MTV and was very popular with teens at that time. However, it was popularized by MTV in the early 90s on their dating show Singled Out. This drinking game also involved asking personal questions to each other and took a toll on one’s conscience if they were lying. Some believe that this game has its roots in the notorious drinking game called ‘I never’, which became popular during the prohibition era in America. You may find references to this game in magazines like American Girl and Popular Mechanics. This can be inferred by looking up the popular magazines published between 1930s and 1940s. However, it seems that the modern version of truth or dare got invented somewhere around 1930s. Apparently, something similar was also found in ancient Greece and Rome. As the name suggests, in this game, participants had to answer intimate questions. In France, there is another similar game called ‘Question Indiscrète’ which has been around for over a century now. While, no one really knows the origin of this game, it is believed to have been derived from the French word “Vérité”, which means ‘truth’.
![]() If you can’t find this option, here are some brown rice syrup substitutes for you. When doing the swap, using a ratio of 1:2. You can bake brown rice syrup into bread or desserts, pour it over your pancakes, or use it as a sweetener in tea or coffee. Brown Rice Syrupīrown rice syrup has a sweet, nutty flavor and a thick, viscous texture, making it a great healthier replacement for maple syrup in any recipe. Use a ratio of 1:1 when doing the replacement. You can also choose between light corn syrup, which has a more neutral flavor, or dark corn syrup, which has notes of molasses and caramel flavors. It has the same texture as maple syrup, making it a great way to achieve the same consistency in your baked goods. Corn SyrupĬorn syrup is a simple and inexpensive maple syrup replacement that can be used to bake, sweeten drinks, or top pancakes or waffles. However, keep in mind that recipes cooked with molasses will become darker and slightly less sweet than when baking with maple syrup.Ī 1:1 ratio is recommended when using molasses as a maple syrup alternative. Molasses is an extremely common ingredient in bread, cakes, and other desserts. This dark syrup offers a strong caramel flavor, and the sweetness and rich consistency make it a top substitute for maple syrup in baking. Substitute agave for maple syrup with a 1:1 swap. ![]() This natural sweetener is an ideal substitute in any recipe that calls for maple syrup.Īlthough the flavor differs slightly from maple syrup, its similarities in taste to honey make it a perfect substitute for maple syrup in baking or cooking.ĭark agave nectar has a strong caramel flavor, so you can also enjoy it as an alternative to maple syrup drizzled over pancakes or waffles. You can use 1 cup of sugar syrup to replace ¾ cup of maple syrup. ![]() Once that cools, you’ll have a fantastic sweetener to serve over pancakes or use in baked goods. If you’re looking for a sweetening substitute for maple syrup for your recipes, white or brown sugar syrup is a simple but effective replacement.Īll you have to do is add water, sugar, and vanilla extract to a saucepan on medium heat and stir until the sugar dissolves. It can also be drizzled over oats, pancakes, and more for a sweet alternative. With a similar consistency and sweetness, honey is the perfect healthy substitute for maple syrup in baking.Īnd since most people typically have honey somewhere in their cabinets, it’s a popular substitute ingredient in many recipes.Īlthough the flavor is slightly different, honey can replace maple syrup in any baking recipe with a 1-to-1 ratio. Here are 14 of the best substitutes for maple syrup. If you’re interested in finding the best maple syrup, then check out our latest review about it. 8/7/2023 0 Comments Thief simulator trainerThe file you are about to download is virus free, even if sometimes your antivirus can trigger for a false positive. These Thief Simulator cheats are designed to enhance your. This game have: Action, Indie, Simulation category The door for your robber’s profession is ready Just crowbar the lock off and force your way thru the brink. There are also other events if you walk into a specific area the game automatically triggers a detection event. Developer: MrCiastku, Publisher: Ultimate Games S.A., PlayWay S.A. For example if you smash a window while the owner is inside the cops automatically gets called. However, we have permission to publish and publicize by its authors Thief Simulator: Trainer - 1.08b. Our Thief Simulator +14 trainer is now available for version 1.7.1 HF and supports STEAM. There are some hardcoded events that trigger a detection event. Thief Simulator Trainer for PC game version v1.025 Game Version: v1.025Distribution(s): SteamCompatibility: Windows 7, Windows 8, Windows 8.1, Windows 10Virus Scan: This cheat has been scanned and is virus and adware free. If you just bought Thief Simulator game from steam /. ![]() The software you are about to download was not created by Apocanow. Download Thief Simulator Full Cheat code Trainer with Unlimited Mods Unlocked fully tested and working. They are maintained and supported by their developers. Paid Cheats and Trainers are better in quality, contains more functionalities. Whatever the motivation, it's right to reward them for the time spent on their work. So the creation of cheats is executed by external programmers that spend their time and skills into the creation of trainers, programs that let you cheat on a particular game. Why do you have to pay for some trainers and cheats? Actually it is very rare to find games containing cheats because game developers are not interested at keeping them in their games. ![]() Thief Simulator Cheats, Codes, Hints and Walkthroughs for PC Games. ![]() This trainer adds the following cheats to this game: Cheatbook is the resource for the latest Cheats, tips, cheat codes, unlockables, hints and secrets to get the edge to win. 8/7/2023 0 Comments Paragon ntfs m1In addition, it comes with a disk management tool allowing you to view disk information, unmount disks, check disk errors, and erase disk data. With this NTFS for Mac utility installed and launched, the connected NTFS drive can be automatically mounted so that you can quickly read, write, copy, edit, delete, and move files stored on it on macOS. This application fully supports reading and writing NTFS formatted external hard drives, USB drives, SD cards, pen drives, flash drives, memory cards as well as CF cards on Apple Silicon M2, M1, M1 Pro, and M1 Max Macs. tags cloud: ntfs driver for mac,best ntfs for mac,ntfs reader for mac,mac ntfs free,microsoft ntfs for mac,ntfs software for mac,ntfs for mac m1 free,ntfs. ![]() I had ever tried iBoysoft NTFS for Mac, which is a feature-rich NTFS mounter for Mac to mount NTFS drives in read-write mode on Mac running macOS 10.13 and later versions (macOS Ventura is included). Download: Microsoft NTFS for Mac by Paragon Software (19.95) Tuxera NTFS for Mac is another program that's worth looking at. Better still, your NTFS drives now show up in Finder normally, and you can treat them like any other drive. In terms of the best option, it largely depends on your personal preference and needs. It's a simple install, which then provides a menu bar item that shows your NTFS drives. If you are among the users trying the new macOS 12.0 Monterey Beta, download and install the Paragon NTFS for Mac Monterey Preview and use it for free until macOS 12.0. It is available for free for a limited time only. However, there are a few third-party NTFS for Mac solutions that can enable NTFS write support on M1 Macs, including iBoysoft NTFS for Mac, Paragon NTFS for Mac, and Tuxera NTFS for Mac. For all macOS 12.0 Monterey Beta enthusiasts, Paragon Software has released a special early version of the famous NTFS for Mac. I basically slept with my Macbook on my bed to do that.įor any Mac users who still has data on NTFS formatted drives lying around that you consider important, I'd advise to transfer all your NTFS files into the exFAT system (Mac and Win read/writable) as soon as you can before your storage gets too huge like mine did.By default, macOS only supports reading NTFS drives, but not writing to them. I ended up spending 2 nights painstakingly splitting the transfers folder by folder so I could catch the problematic files and delete them before retrying. That'd cause Finder to hang as well, and I'd have to eventually abort, reboot my Mac and restart the process over and over. ![]() Support: macOS 10.13 - macOS Ventura 13 (M1/M2). I figured out eventually that the apps ran into difficulty reading some random files (say 1 out of several hundred) so the entire process would stall. SYSGeeker NTFS for Mac is a tool that can be used to write, edit, copy and delete files on NTFS drives. If you work on a Mac computer and need to read or write files from HDD, SSD or flash drive formatted under Linux, you need extFS for Mac by Paragon Software. I tried two backup apps for that (Chronosync and Get Backup Pro) and both would keep freezing halfway (unresponsive) while transferring large folders (couple hundred GBs). Pros: Support macOS from High Sierra to Ventura Fully compatible with Apple M1, M1 Pro, M1 Max, and M2 Mac Repair NTFS file system errors Erase NTFS. Licenses for Microsoft NTFS for Mac by Paragon Software labeled as free in the old MyParagon user portal are intended for build 15.5.106 with up to macOS 10.15 Catalina support. ![]() I only encountered some difficulty a few weeks ago when I finally decided to transfer all the NTFS data into a new exFAT external drive for peace of mind. Owners of a commercial license of Paragon NTFS for Mac 14 (no free upgrade license) > 50 discount on NTFS for Mac 15. Using Paragon NTFS for Mac, I was also able to read/write without problems for years. When I migrated to the Mac system in 2015, I had a 2TB Samsung backup drive on NTFS. ![]() Level 2 charging stations are most common for electric vehicle owners and cost between $600 to $1,200. Also, if you are not using a standard wall outlet, the setup for a level 1 charging station will be more complicated. But if you do a fair amount of daily driving, you may find that this charger will not meet all your needs, unless you can plug it in everywhere you go when the car is not in use. Many people keep a Level 1 charger on hand for when they are away from home. Essentially, a Level 1 charger adds roughly 2 to 5 miles of driving range to your car for every hour you charge it. They may take up to 24 hours to fully charge a battery, so they are generally only good if you do not drive often or only drive short distances. These portable chargers are cheaper because they do not require installation and can be plugged into any 120-volt outlet. Level 1 chargers are free with your car purchase, or you can buy a replacement charging station for $300 to $600. Each charger type has its own costs, attributes, and other things to consider: Level 3 chargers are not normally used in residential settings, and you are more likely to see these outside of businesses. They charge faster than a Level 1 and can be designed for one or two cars. ![]() Level 2 chargers are more common for in-home use. This is designed to plug into any 120-volt outlet, so you do not need any changes to your home, but it also takes longer to charge. When you purchase an electric vehicle, you are likely to receive a Level 1 charger with your car. ![]() There are technically three types of car charging stations, designated by levels. Invalid zip code Electric Car Charging Station Costs by Type Depending on your car, your home, and how long you need to charge between trips, you have numerous choices available for the charging station. In fact, according to the Natural Resources Defense Council (NRDC), over 80 % of EV charging happens at home. Because charging stations are not necessarily common in public spaces, most owners of electric vehicles install a charging station at home. Essentially, it is a way to plug your car’s battery into an outlet that charges it. To do this, you need an electric vehicle charging station. Your battery needs to be recharged, ideally when your car is not in use. What Is an Electric Vehicle Charging Station?Įlectric vehicles run off a rechargeable battery, rather than gasoline or oil. Cost to Install Vehicle Charging Station Cost to Install an EV Charging Station The project’s high cost is $4,500 for a Level 2 charger designed for two cars with a 240-volt outlet, pedestal mount, and a circuit panel upgrade. The low cost for this project is $300 for a replacement Level 1 charger used in an existing 120-volt outlet. Most people pay around $1,200 for a 240-volt outlet, Level 2 charger, and wall-mounted system. The national average cost range for EV charging station installation is between $1,000 and $2,500. The cost to install an EV charging station varies based on your region and the type of station you buy, including whether it is portable or hardwired into your home. While there are no cost projections for EV charging stations, inflation is impacting the cost of many materials and supplies, meaning that electrical supplies will probably increase over the course of 2023. This way, you can charge your vehicle quickly and efficiently while supporting the environment. However, you can upgrade to a faster charging station, too. The vast majority of EVs include a Level 1 charger that can be plugged into a standard 120-volt outlet. You can charge the battery at home or a public/commercial charging station. If you want to save on fuel bills and minimize pollution, an EV that runs off a battery may be a smart investment. Written by .Įlectric vehicles (EVs) are becoming more and more common, thanks to their cost and energy savings. Reviewed by Paul Schwalbe remodeling expert. Now all of a sudden it Only shows up in a totally different state and with exact name search. Is there something I could do to send signals to Google to show that I am in Matthews, NC?Ģ months ago my listing quit showing up at all unless you typed exact business name What could possibly cause my listing or Google to do this? I have been without my listing for a few months now and have NO calls coming in from it. If you search Locksmith Independence, KS it shows up on the maps. If you search Locksmith Matthews, NC my listing does not show up at all. Keep in mind the GMB is in Matthews, NC All my service areas and the actual map show the correct areas. Now if I search my business name under the auto populate I see it with Independence, KS on the listing. I pretty much do not have any traffic, views or calls now. ![]() Posted about my SAB listing a few weeks ago about not showing up in search only when you entered the exact name. 8/7/2023 0 Comments Pubcoder 3![]() EPUB 3 is based on open format, meaning that the specification is in free access from the IDPF website, and that developers can freely create an application for generating or reading EPUB files (.epub). What is an EPUB file?ĮPUB, which stands for electronic publication, the industry standard for digital publications, is suitable for content authoring, interchange, and distribution. Support for EPUB in PubCoder is extensive, including support for advanced EPUB features like Read Aloud and Soundtrack. Users can read EPUB 3 Fixed layout books using software available on Web, desktop and mobile platforms, you can find some examples in Compatible EPUB Reader Apps section. PubCoder fully supports exporting to EPUB 3 fixed layout, that is a standard file format which can be freely distributed online or through many online ebooks stores, such as Apple’s iBooks Store, Google Play Books Store and many others. Writing in non-alphabetical and right-to-left languages.Using Renditions to create multi-language and multi-format contents.Additional licensing information can be found here. Pricing begins at €99 per year for an individual license. Every localized version will generate a single file package, ready to be published in the appropriate store.PubCoder can easily manage non-Latin characters (such as Chinese, Arabic or Cyrillic) and both left-to-right and right-to-left writing directions and pages browsing modes. The assets are held into a single project file, and you can switch from one language to another with a simple click. PubCoder can easily create and manage different versions of your book in different languages. Translate your digital book into any language, with any alphabet, all within the same project. Whenever you whish to create a different version of your ebook in order to fit a new device or to issue a different translation, PubCoder will allow you to set a new workspace and differently customize your project as you wish. In the early stages of the project you can choose a specific combination of format, page size, and language to define the default workspace. You can process them all within the same project and switch between them with a simple click. With PubCoder you can easily handle different book formats. Publish your ebook in EPUB 3 Fixed Layout for iBooks, Readium and Kobo, KF8 for Kindle Fire devices or as a native Android app. You can also add ready-to-use interactive widgets to your book, such as Image Galleries, Quizzes, Coloring Games and more. With PubCoder you can recognize users' gestures and connect them to animated effects: rotate, move, enlarge and reduce, shake, show and hide objects create animations and behaviors, and combine them as you wish.You can lay out all sorts of digital assets (images, texts, audio files, videos etc) and combine them with a wide variety of events and actions. PubCoder is the perfect tool for creating create digital and interactive books with ease. PubCoder is the perfect tool to easily create digital and interactive books.Īll digital. Publish in all digital formats for tablets, smartphones, and browsers. Reach your readers in any language, on any device. PubCoder lets you create engaging digital stories with ease. 8/6/2023 0 Comments Star trek online ships tier 6![]() Wait for either Zen sales which typically come around long weekends/ holidays, or for charge bonuses where you will get extra zen for purchasing a set amount. 2 Hangars (despite what the C-store says it wasn't updated properly), intel seating, and a fun ship overall. I made mine into an all turret build that just kind of sits in the middle of everything and let my fighters do the workĪnother solid option is the Cardassian Flight Deck Carrier. But a lot of fun can still be had with that giant flying potato. "Carriers" themselves have been rendered obsolete by Flight Deck Carriers, and are also lite science ships - meaning they dont get the secondary deflector. I also will defend to the death a Jupiter. Spend MAYBE an hour grinding out its mastery by doing patrols, and you can get that as a cross faction unlock. Not only does it separate a la Galaxy class saucer separation, but also comes with Jem Hadar wingmen to compliment the 2 hangar bays. JemHadar Vanguard Carrier, as mentioned, is easily the best in game. Star Trek New Horizons: Subreddit for the community-developed Star Trek-themed Stellaris total conversion mod. This Tier 6 starship is an engineering centric variant of the Command Battlecruiser. Star Trek Adventures: Subreddit for the new official Star Trek Tabletop RPG. ![]() TrekFic: Star Trek Fan Fiction subreddit. The Next Generation: Community Subreddit for the TNG TV Series. Star Trek Picard: Community Subreddit for the Picard TV Series.ĭeep Space Nine: Community Subreddit for the DS9 TV Series. Star Trek Discovery: Community Subreddit for the Discovery TV Series. Star Trek Strange New Worlds: Community Subreddit for the Strange New Worlds TV Series. Star Trek Lower Decks: Community Subreddit for the Lower Decks Animated TV Series. StarTrekGifs: Subreddit dedicated to the creation and collection of Trek-related Gifs. ![]() Star Trek: Primary Star Trek and all Trek-related things subreddit.ĭaystrom Research Institute: In-depth discussion of everything and anything related to the Star Trek franchise. STO Screenshots: post screenshots of your ships and adventures! All the ships in Star Trek Fleet Command game have different stats. STO Trades: post and trade extremely rare or difficult to purchase items Stfc latinum refining Heroes Online Quirk Script 10000 Most Common English Words. STOBuilds: ground & ship building resources If you want to recruit members or post news about your fleet, you are free to do so. You may select a link below to filter posts based on your platform of choice: This subreddit is not affiliated with Cryptic, Perfect World, Gearbox, or Embracer Group. This Tier 6 starship is based upon the original design of the Prometheus. ago From the official Shadows Advance launch blog : One more thing: The last two years were banner years for STO, and we want to celebrate with you. Were very excited to announce the release of the Hestia Class Advanced Escort. Share your glorious (or hilarious) in-game adventures through stories and screencaps, ask your game related questions, and organize events with your fellow Captains. 98 comments Add a Comment MouseGlatisant 1 yr. This is the unofficial community subreddit for Star Trek Online, the licensed Star Trek MMO. Some build suggestions are including low budget builds.Update your favorites! The STO Wiki has moved! || Visit our sister communities STOBuilds and STOScreenshots. You will always get our latest suggestions there. Don’t miss our constantly maintained post for several build types like Support Ships, Science Ships, Torpedo Boats, Cannon Ships, and Beam Ship. Most builds are based on a tactical captain,īut they would be build in the same way for the other careers. 8/6/2023 0 Comments Are traffic lights on timers![]() Some agencies consider the pedestrian clearance interval to consist of both the FDW time and the yellow change interval. An indication warning pedestrians that the walk indication has ended and the don’t walk indication will begin at the end of the pedestrian clearance interval. Pedestrian Clearance IntervalĪlso generally known as “Flashing Don’t Walk” (FDW). Passage Time (Vehicle Interval, Gap, Passage Gap, Unit Extension)Ī parameter that specifies the maximum allowable duration of time between vehicle calls on a phase before the phase is terminated. ![]() Max OutĪ type of actuated operation for a given phase where the phase terminates due to reaching the designated maximum green time for the phase. Movement is an activity in response to a “go” (green ball, green arrow, walk, white vertical transit bar) indication. Typical movements are left, through and right. Movements can also be broken down into classes (car, pedestrians, buses, LRT, etc.). Minimum RecallĪ parameter which results in a phase being called and timed for at least its minimum green time whether or not a vehicle is present. Minimum GreenĪ parameter that defines the shortest allowable duration of the green interval. Minimum GapĪ volume density parameter that specifies the minimum green extension when gap reduction is used. Isolated intersectionĪn intersection located outside the influence of and not coordinated with other signalized intersections, commonly one mile or more from other signalized intersections. ![]() The green interval duration is controlled by a number of parameters including minimum time, maximum time, gap time, etc. The pedestrian clearance interval is determined by the pedestrian clearance time. Typically, one or more timing parameters control the duration of an interval. The duration of time during which the indications do not change their state (active or off). Gap OutĪ type of actuated operation for a given phase where the phase terminates due to a lack of vehicle calls within a specific period of time (passage time). ExtendĪ detector parameter that increases the duration of a detector actuation by a defined fixed amount. CallĪn indication within a controller that a vehicle or pedestrian is awaiting service from a particular phase or that a recall has been placed on the phase. Actuated Signal ControlĪ type of signal control where time for each phase is at least partially controlled by detector actuations. Additional terms can be found in the Glossary section of the Manual. This section identifies and describes basic terminology used within this chapter. ![]() To maximize the usefulness and transferability of the information provided, the chapter uses the terminology defined in current traffic signal control standards, such as National Transportation Communications for ITS Protocol (NTCIP) Document 1202 (1) and National Electrical Manufacturers Association (NEMA) Standards Publication TS 2-2003 (2), with alternative definitions in some cases. The principles described in this chapter are generally applicable to all signalized intersections. A major focus of this chapter is to describe basic signal timing parameters necessary to operate an intersection and guidelines for selecting values for those parameters. Signal timing is a collection of parameters and logic designed to allocate the right-of-way at a signalized intersection. This chapter documents the principles of basic traffic signal timing at an intersection.
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